The if and if else statements

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Well, for example, say I want the player to pick up a key, then when they leave the room the key was in, a monster spawns.

Technically, you don't need if and else statements for that. Just have an interact callback for the key that adds a collision callback for leaving an area that then activates a monster.

Or maybe when you do something, like solve a puzzle (I also don't know how to do puzzle scripts), then something will happen.

Depending on the puzzle's complexity you also may not need if and else statements.

You can find some information on if-else statements here: http://wiki.frictionalgames.com/hpl2/amn...statements